A Brief Guide to Hypoallergenic Dog Breeds

Key Takeaways

• There’s no such thing as a 100% hypoallergenic dog
• Reduce the risk of developing allergic reactions by choosing a low-shedding dog breed with minimal dander
• Choose from a variety of hypoallergenic dogs that come in different sizes and shapes
• People are allergic not only to dog hair, but also to dander and urine.

What Are Hypoallergenic Dogs?

Let’s preface by stating that there are no truly hypoallergenic dogs. A dog allergy is quite common, as it is estimated that 10-20% of the population suffers from it, and this number is expected to continue rising. However, contrary to popular belief, it’s not solely a dog’s fur that causes allergic reactions in humans. In fact, it’s a specific protein type that is found in dogs’ hair, dander, and urine that can trigger a variety of symptoms in humans.

Some dogs, however, are less likely to provoke unwanted symptoms in their owners as they produce fewer allergens. These are typically breeds that have low-shedding coats, reduced dander, and less oily skin. These factors contribute to minimizing a human's exposure to allergy-provoking proteins, making them hypoallergenic dogs.

Small Hypoallergenic Dogs

1. Bichon Frisé

Bichon Frisé is an excellent choice for people prone to dog allergies. They don’t shed much, so a person with an allergy won’t come into contact with allergy-inducing particles.

2. Maltese

Maltese dogs have minimal tendencies to shed coat and dander. These characteristics make them a perfect choice for people with dog allergies.

3. Miniature Schnauzer

A miniature Schnauzer doesn't shed much and, therefore, is considered hypoallergenic. Its coat is double-layered with a soft inner undercoat and a wiry outer layer. Many owners of this breed opt for professional grooming services to maintain their dogs in optimal condition.

4. Poodle (Toy or Miniature)

Poodles’ coats are dense, curly, or wavy, and they are generally recognized as hypoallergenic dogs. Miniature and toy poodles also produce less dander due to their size. The slow shedding process contributes to the hypoallergenic nature of the breed.

5. Shih Tzu

The breed is fairly hypoallergenic due to its smaller amount of hair and slow shedding. Regular grooming can further improve their hypoallergenic qualities.

6. Havanese

These dogs are viewed as allergy-friendly. Their coat is double-layered and silky; however, it doesn’t shed much, preventing the spread of hair and dander in the environment.

7. Coton de Tulear

The breed is hypoallergenic primarily due to its low-shedding curly coat. Some shedding still occurs, but it’s minimal, and the lost hair is usually trapped in their coat. This breed requires proper grooming, including daily brushing.

8. Yorkshire Terrier

Yorkshire terriers have a silky, hair-like coat that is known for hypoallergenic qualities. Although many other terrier breeds are also recognized for their hypoallergenic qualities, Yorkies have certain advantages, such as being well-suited for apartment living and having reduced shedding, which often makes them a perfect fit for owners prone to allergic reactions.

Medium Hypoallergenic Dogs

Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier

The breed is considered to have a low risk of inducing allergic reactions in humans. The reason behind it is their single-layered coats, which don’t shed much. However, these dogs require regular grooming, including professional assistance with trimming and detangling their coats.

Kerry Blue Terrier

Average Weight: Around 33–40 lb (15–18 kg)

Life Expectancy: 12–15 years

Temperament: Smart dogs that require a proper amount of mental and physical stimulation. Energetic, loyal, and confident with a great desire to be a part of the family.

Their hunting instincts may cause them to be intolerant of other small pets. This breed has a distinctive blue-grey coat (the color may vary and be of a different shade of grey). They’re considered a hypoallergenic dog breed, but the coat requires regular grooming to maintain its best condition.

Irish Water Spaniel

Average Weight: around 45-68 lbs (20-31 kg)

Life Expectancy: 12 - 13 years

Temperament: The Irish Water Spaniel is a true team player, characterized by its curiosity and boldness. They’re easy to train due to their high intelligence, but need sufficient physical stimulation to meet their high energy levels.

The Irish Water Spaniel is easily recognizable due to its dense curly coat. The coat is both waterproof and relatively hypoallergenic. Potential owners must consider grooming requirements, which include brushing their dog at least once a week and scheduling professional grooming sessions every two months.

Big Hypoallergenic Dogs

Poodle

Their coats are hypoallergenic and almost don’t shed. They come in a variety of shades and colors and have very distinctive curls. Poodle owners must pay special attention to grooming to keep their coats in proper condition.

Giant Schnauzer

Though the Giant Schnauzer’s coat is considered a hypoallergenic dog breed to a degree, pet owners with allergies must carefully consider adopting this breed. Due to its large size, a Giant Schnauzer may shed enough hair to provoke an allergic reaction. However, proper grooming reduces such a possibility.

Portuguese Water Dog

The Portuguese water dog is often preferred by people with allergies, as it tends to shed less than other large dogs. Additionally, their coat is single-layered, lacking an undercoat. These features, along with regular trimming and grooming, contribute to the breed’s hypoallergenic characteristics.

Airedale Terrier

They have dense and wiry coats with a distinctive pattern: a tan body and a black saddle. The coats are low-shedding, making them suitable for people with allergies. However, regular care and grooming are required to prevent the coat from tangling and matting.

Samoyed

Samoyeds’ coats are thick and double-layered. It serves as excellent insulation in colder climates. They have been considered a hypoallergenic dog breed for a long time; however, more recent studies seem to challenge their status. To ensure you don’t develop allergic reactions around these dogs, it’s best to spend some time around them before deciding on adoption.

Wrap Up

Dog allergies are common and unpleasant, making many potential dog owners reject the idea of adopting a furry companion. However, it’s possible to find a compromise between your desire to adopt a dog and the risk of allergic reactions. By adopting dog breeds with minimal shedding, you can enjoy the benefits of canine companionship while maintaining your best health.

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